Rating Rationale
April 24, 2024 | Mumbai
 
MINERVA TRUST 2023
(Originator: Muthoot Microfin Limited)
‘CRISIL AA (SO)’ for Series A1 PTCs converted from provisional rating to final rating
 
Rating Action
Tranche Name Amount Rated (Rs.Crore) Outstanding Amount^ (Rs.Crore) Balance Tenure^
(In months)
Credit Collateral (Rs.Crore) Ratings/Credit Opinions Rating Action
Series A1 PTCs 171.6 156.65 19 10.82 CRISIL AA (SO) Converted from Provisional Rating to Final Rating
Note: None of the Directors on CRISIL Ratings Limited’s Board are members of rating committee and thus do not participate in discussion or assignment of any ratings. The Board of Directors also does not discuss any ratings at its meetings.
1 crore = 10 million
Refer to annexure for Details of Instruments & Bank Facilities
^After March 2024 payouts

 

Detailed Rationale

CRISIL Ratings has converted the provisional rating assigned to Series A1 pass-through certificates (“PTCs”) issued by ‘MINERVA TRUST 2023’ to a final rating of 'CRISIL AA (SO)'. The PTCs were issued under a securitisation transaction originated by Muthoot Microfin Limited (MML; rated ‘CRISIL A+/CRISIL PPMLD A+/Stable/CRISIL A1+’).

 

This transaction is backed by a pool comprising microfinance loan receivables originated by MML. The ratings are based on credit quality of the pool cash flow, origination, and servicing capabilities of MML, credit support available to the PTCs, payment mechanism for the transaction, and soundness of the transaction’s legal structure.

 

CRISIL Ratings has now received the final legal/executed documents for this transaction. These executed documents are in line with terms of the transaction envisaged when provisional rating was assigned. Hence, CRISIL Ratings has converted the provisional rating to a final rating.

 

Legal Documents

  • Amended and restated Declaration of Trust
  • Deed of assignment of receivables in the process of securitisation
  • Accounts Agreement
  • Servicing Agreement
  • Power of Attorney

 

Other Documents

  • Information Memorandum
  • Auditor’s Certificate
  • Legal Opinion
  • Originator’s Representations and Warranties Letter
  • Trustee Awareness Letter

 

The transaction has a ‘Par with Excess Interest Spread (EIS)’ structure. MML will assign the loan pool to ‘MINERVA TRUST 2023’, a trust settled by Catalyst Trusteeshilp Limited (CTL), which will issue instruments to investors in exchange for a purchase consideration equal to 87.25% of future pool principal outstanding as on the cut-off date (January 04, 2023). Investor payouts for PTCs are supported by cash collateral, overcollateralisation and subordination of excess interest spread (EIS).

 

Total credit support available in the transaction structure is as below:

 

  • Internal credit enhancement from scheduled cashflow subordination (assuming zero prepayments) aggregating to Rs 56.98 crore (29.0% of pool principal) which includes Rs 25.08 crore of principal overcollateralization (12.75% of initial pool principal) and Rs 31.90 crore of EIS (16.2% of initial pool principal) for Series A1 PTCs.   
  • External cash collateral in the structure amounting to Rs 10.82 crore (5.5% of initial pool principal) in the form of Fixed Deposit.

 

Series A1 PTC holders are entitled to receive timely interest on a monthly basis and principal on ultimate basis. MML will continue to service loan contracts in the pool as the servicing agent. Additonally, if the pool collection efficiency (excluding overdues and prepayment collections) in any month falls below 97% then the EIS will be utilized for redemption of Series A1 PTCs till fully paid or until the collection recovers to 97% or above for 2 consecutive collection months.

Key Rating Drivers & Detailed Description

Strengths:

  • External cash collateral in the structure amounting to Rs 10.82 crore (5.5% of pool principal) and internal credit enhancement from scheduled cashflow subordination (assuming zero prepayments) amounting to Rs 56.98 crore (29.0% of pool principal) which includes Rs 25.08 crore of principal overcollateralization (12.75% of pool principal) and Rs 31.90 crore of excess interest spread (16.2% of pool principal) for Series A1 PTCs.
  • All of the 43,328 contracts in the underlying loan pool are current as of the cut-off date (January 04, 2023).

 

Weakness:

  • Susceptibility to political and regulatory environment:
  • The microfinance industry remains susceptible to risks arising out of socio-political issues and regulatory changes. Such events have the ability to disrupt loan repayments of underlying borrowers. The unsecured nature of microfinance loans and inherent modest credit risk profile of the borrowers have been considered by CRISIL Ratings in its analysis.

Liquidity: Strong

Liquidity is strong given that the credit enhancement available in the structure is sufficient to cover losses exceeding 1.5 times the currently estimated base shortfalls

Rating Sensitivity factors

Upward

  • Credit enhancement available in the structure exceeding 2.3 times the estimated adjusted base shortfalls (additional stresses on account of economic, political and geographic concentration related factors have been applied) on the residual cash flows of the pool.

 

Downward

  • Credit enhancement falling below 2.0 times the estimated adjusted base shortfalls (additional stresses on account of economic, political and geographic concentration related factors have been applied)
  • A sharp downgrade in the rating of the servicer/originator.
  • Non-adherence to the key transaction terms envisaged at the time of the rating.

 

These aspects have been factored by CRISIL Ratings in its rating analysis.

About the Pool

The transaction is backed by microfinance receivables originated by MML. The contracts in the pool have weighted average seasoning of 3.9 months, which has led to principal amortisation of 14.6% as of the pool cut-off date. The pool is diversified in terms of geography with the top 3 state and top 3 districts accounting for 64.9% and 8.2% of the pool principal respectively. The average ticket size for contracts in the pool is Rs 53,142, with a weighted average interest rate of 24.6%. All the contracts in the underlying loan pool were current as of the cut-off date (January 04, 2023).

 

CRISIL Ratings has adequately factored all these aspects in its rating analysis.

 

Rating Assumptions

To assess the base case shortfalls for the transaction, CRISIL Ratings has analysed MML’s moving portfolio delinquency information for microfinance loans from April 2018 to September 2023, along with static pool performance for microfinance loans originated from March 2015 onwards with performance up to September 2023. CRISIL Ratings has also analysed the portfolio cuts based on various parameters and compared the pool with the portfolio on these parameters. Further, CRISIL Ratings has factored the delinquency performance of the microfinance industry in various geographies.

 

CRISIL Ratings has estimated base case shortfalls in the pool at 6.0%-8.0% of cash flows. Additionally, stresses on account of economic, political and concentration related factors have been applied.  CRISIL Ratings has also assumed a monthly prepayment of 0.5%-1.5% in its credit enhancement calculation. CRISIL Ratings has adequately factored in the risks arising on account of counterparties (refer to Counterparty Details). CRISIL Ratings has run sensitivities based on various shortfall curves (front-ended, back-ended and normal) and has adequately factored the same in its analysis.

 

Counterparty details

Capacity

Counterparty Name

Counterparty Rating

Effect on credit ratings in case of non-performance

Originator

MML

Rated ‘CRISIL A+/CRISIL PPMLD A+/Stable/CRISIL A1+’

No effect.

Servicer

MML

Rated ‘CRISIL A+/CRISIL PPMLD A+/Stable/CRISIL A1+’

Significant effect, because of change in servicing quality and replacement cost of servicer. However, currently CRISIL Ratings does not envisage the need for replacement. The Trust or investor has right to change the servicer with an intimation to CRISIL Ratings.

Collection and Payout Account Bank

ICICI Bank Limited

Rated ‘CRISIL AAA/CRISIL AA+/Stable

Negligible effect. Account bank can be changed without impacting the rating.

Cash Collateral in the form of Fixed Deposit

ICICI Bank Limited

Rated ‘CRISIL AAA/CRISIL AA+/Stable

Negligible effect. Bank with whom the fixed deposit is maintained can be changed without impacting the rating.

Trustee

CTL

Not rated by CRISIL Ratings

Negligible effect. Can be replaced at minimal cost.

About the Originator

MML, a part of MPG, provides microfinance loans to women. MPG started its microfinance operations in 2010 as a separate division of MFL, the flagship company of the group. In December 2011, the group acquired a Mumbai-based NBFC, Pancharatna Securities Ltd, and renamed it MML. In March 2015, MML received an NBFC-MFI licence from the RBI. As on September 30, 2023, MFL held 60.3% equity and MFL's promoters held 8.6% in MML. Along with the promoters, MML's board includes one member nominated by Creation Investments and Greater Pacific Capital and four independent directors. 

MML had AUM of Rs 10845 crore and networth of Rs 1842 crore as on September 30, 2023. Operations of the microfinance division are spread across Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Puducherry, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Haryana, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Odisha, West Bengal, Punjab, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Bihar and Himachal Pradesh.

Key Financial Indicators

Particulars

Unit

September-2023

March-2023

March-2022

March-2021

Total assets

Rs crore

10031

8529

5591

4185

Total income

Rs crore

1047

1446

843

696

Profit after tax

Rs crore

205.3

163.8

47.4

7

Gross NPA (90+ dpd)

%

4.3

5.1

6.8

8.0

Gearing

Times

4.2

4.0

3.0

3.4

Adjusted gearing

Times

5.3

5.2

4.5

5.1

Return on managed assets

%

3.6

1.8

0.7

0.1

annualised

 

Past rated pools

CRISIL Ratings has ratings outstanding on 16 other securitisation transactions originated by MML. CRISIL is receiving monthly performance reports pertaining to these transactions.

Any other information: Not Applicable

Note on complexity levels of the rated instrument:
CRISIL Ratings` complexity levels are assigned to various types of financial instruments and are included (where applicable) in the 'Annexure - Details of Instrument' in this Rating Rationale.

CRISIL Ratings will disclose complexity level for all securities - including those that are yet to be placed - based on available information. The complexity level for instruments may be updated, where required, in the rating rationale published subsequent to the issuance of the instrument when details on such features are available.

For more details on the CRISIL Ratings` complexity levels please visit www.crisilratings.com. Users may also call the Customer Service Helpdesk with queries on specific instruments.

Annexure - Details of Instrument(s)

ISIN

Type of
Instrument

Rated Amount

(Rs.Crore)

Date of
Allotment

Maturity

Date#

Coupon Rate (%) (p.a.p.m.)

Complexity level

Outstanding

Ratings/Credit Opinions

Cash Collateral

(Rs.Crore)^

INE0T9D15012

Series A1 PTCs

171.60

30-Jan-2024

12-Oct-2025

9.00%

Highly Complex

CRISIL AA (SO)

10.82

#Indicates door to door tenure. Actual tenure will depend on the level of prepayments in the pool, and exercise of the clean-up call option

^At the time of securitization, additional credit support includes Rs 56.98 crore (assuming zero prepayments) in the form of scheduled cashflow subordination for Series A1 PTCs – including Rs 25.08 crore of principal overcollateralization.

Annexure - Rating History for last 3 Years
  Current 2024 (History) 2023  2022  2021  Start of 2021
Instrument Type Outstanding Amount Rating Date Rating Date Rating Date Rating Date Rating Rating
Series A1 PTCs LT 171.6 CRISIL AA (SO) 06-02-24 Provisional CRISIL AA (SO)   --   --   -- --
All amounts are in Rs.Cr.
Criteria Details
Links to related criteria
Meaning and applicability of SO and CE symbol
Evaluating risks in securitisation transactions - A primer
CRISILs rating methodology for ABS transactions

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